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In the Scottish canon, to be placed alongside Robert Burns is high praise indeed, but it’s a rightful place for one of Scotland’s finest novelists. Born in 1850, he managed to cram much into his 44 years, traveling widely to France, the United States, Samoa and the South Seas. Of course, he is widely feted for his classics: Dr Jeckyll & Mr Hyde, Treasure Island, and poetry volumes such as A Child’s Garden of Verses.

Rudyard Kipling was one of the most popular writers of prose and poetry in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was awarded the Nobel prize for literature in 1907. Born in Bombay on December 30, 1865, both he and his sister were sent back to England when he was five, as was the custom of the British ruling elite in India. The ill-treatment and cruelty by the couple they boarded with in Portsmouth had one useful effect that Kipling himself suggested; it gave him an early impetus for a literary life.

Born in 1857 in Poland, Joseph Conrad became a British citizen just before he turned 30. In the intervening years he lost both parents; as an orphan aged 11, he was therefore raised by an uncle, who at 16 let the boy go to Marseille to work on merchant ships, where the colourful life of the sea was further enhanced by stints gun running and intriguingly political conspiracy. At age 36, his life turned from one of ships to one of literary pursuit. In doing so, Conrad brought to English Literature a further layer of style and a deeper examination of the human psyche in a wealth of work.