Showing results by narrator "Mark Bowen" in All Categories
-
-
Worms of the Earth
- By: Robert E. Howard
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 1 hr and 25 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Worms of the Earth is a dark fantasy story by Robert E. Howard, first published in 1932. Set in the world of Roman-occupied Britain, the tale follows Bran Mak Morn, the last king of the Picts, as he seeks revenge against the oppressive Roman Empire. When a Roman official publicly tortures and humiliates one of Bran's people, the Pictish leader turns to an ancient, forbidden race— the Worms of the Earth— for help in exacting his vengeance.
-
Worms of the Earth
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 1 hr and 25 mins
- Release date: 01-10-2024
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $1.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $1.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
The Fyodor Dostoyevsky Collection. Signature Classics
- Notes from the Underground, the Dream of a Ridiculous Man, White Nights and Others
- By: Fyodor Dostoyevsky
- Narrated by: Peter Coates, Michael Goodrick, Mark Bowen, and others
- Length: 8 hrs and 11 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Explore the profound depths of human psychology and morality with The Fyodor Dostoyevsky Collection: Signature Classics. This beautifully illustrated anthology brings together some of Dostoyevsky's most iconic works, offering timeless reflections on the complexities of the human condition. Included in this collection are masterpieces such as Notes from the Underground, a gripping exploration of alienation, free will, and existential despair, and The Dream of a Ridiculous Man, a powerful allegory of redemption and the transformative power of love.
-
The Fyodor Dostoyevsky Collection. Signature Classics
- Notes from the Underground, the Dream of a Ridiculous Man, White Nights and Others
- Narrated by: Peter Coates, Michael Goodrick, Mark Bowen, Joe Phoenix
- Length: 8 hrs and 11 mins
- Release date: 28-01-2025
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $13.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $13.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
The Problem of Pain
- By: C.S. Lewis
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 4 hrs and 39 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
In The Problem of Pain, C. S. Lewis tackles one of the most difficult and enduring questions in Christian theology: If God is both all-powerful and all-good, why does suffering exist? With his characteristic clarity and intellectual depth, Lewis explores the nature of pain and suffering, offering a philosophical and theological perspective on how they fit into the divine plan. Lewis delves into the complexities of human existence, discussing the role of free will, the consequences of sin, and the purpose of suffering in spiritual growth.
-
The Problem of Pain
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 4 hrs and 39 mins
- Release date: 20-12-2024
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $9.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $9.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
10 Masterpieces of Ancient Greek Literature
- The Odyssey, the Works and Days, Theogony, the Complete Poems of Sappho, Medea, Antigone, Oresteia, the Odes of Anacreon
- By: Homer, Hesiod, Sappho, and others
- Narrated by: Peter Coates, Kelli Winkler, Mark Bowen
- Length: 25 hrs and 33 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The earliest surviving works of ancient Greek literature, dating back to the early Archaic period, are the two epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey. These two epics, along with the Homeric Hymns and the two poems of Hesiod, Theogony and Works and Days, comprised the major foundations of the Greek literary tradition that would continue into the Classical, Hellenistic, and Roman periods. This carefully selected collection contains: The Odyssey ; The Works and Days ; Theogony ; The Complete Poems of Sappho ; Medea ; Antigone ; Agamemnon ; The Choephori ; Eumenides.
-
10 Masterpieces of Ancient Greek Literature
- The Odyssey, the Works and Days, Theogony, the Complete Poems of Sappho, Medea, Antigone, Oresteia, the Odes of Anacreon
- Narrated by: Peter Coates, Kelli Winkler, Mark Bowen
- Length: 25 hrs and 33 mins
- Release date: 11-01-2024
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $12.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $12.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
The Emerald Tablets of Thoth the Atlantean
- By: Maurice Doreal
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 3 hrs and 4 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The Emerald Tablets of Thoth the Atlantean: Illustrated is a captivating edition that unveils the ancient wisdom and esoteric teachings attributed to Thoth, an enigmatic figure often associated with ancient Egyptian mythology. This edition presents the profound insights of Thoth, as recorded in the mystical Emerald Tablets, complemented by evocative illustrations that enhance the reader's journey into the realms of mysticism and ancient knowledge.
-
The Emerald Tablets of Thoth the Atlantean
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 3 hrs and 4 mins
- Release date: 13-12-2023
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $6.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $6.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
75+ Ralph Waldo Emerson Collection - Collected Essays, Poems, Speeches
- Self-Reliance, Nature, the Conduct of Life, Compensation, the American Scholar, May-Day and Other Pieces, Elements and Mottoes, Brahma, Days, the Snow-Storm, Concord Hymn and Others
- By: Ralph Waldo Emerson
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen, Peter Coates
- Length: 19 hrs and 52 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, abolitionist, and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He was a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society, and his ideology was disseminated through dozens of published essays and more than 1,500 public lectures. Emerson gradually moved away from the religious and social beliefs of his contemporaries, formulating and expressing the philosophy of transcendentalism in his 1836 essay Nature.
-
75+ Ralph Waldo Emerson Collection - Collected Essays, Poems, Speeches
- Self-Reliance, Nature, the Conduct of Life, Compensation, the American Scholar, May-Day and Other Pieces, Elements and Mottoes, Brahma, Days, the Snow-Storm, Concord Hymn and Others
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen, Peter Coates
- Length: 19 hrs and 52 mins
- Release date: 23-01-2025
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $20.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $20.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
Hermeticism Classic Collection
- Corpus Hermeticum, the Kybalion, the Emerald Tablets of Thoth the Atlantean, the Life and Teachings of Hermes Trismegistus
- By: Three Initiates, Hermes Trismegistus, M. Doreal, and others
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 12 hrs and 21 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Hermeticism or Hermetism is a philosophical system based on the purported teachings of Hermes Trismegistus (a legendary Hellenistic combination of the Greek god Hermes and the Egyptian god Thoth). These teachings are contained in the various writings attributed to Hermes (the Hermetica), which were produced over a period spanning many centuries (c. 300 BCE — 1200 CE) and may be very different in content and scope.
-
Hermeticism Classic Collection
- Corpus Hermeticum, the Kybalion, the Emerald Tablets of Thoth the Atlantean, the Life and Teachings of Hermes Trismegistus
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 12 hrs and 21 mins
- Release date: 19-02-2024
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $13.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $13.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
Classic Collection of Stories by Maurice Leblanc (English Edition)
- By: Maurice Leblanc
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 13 hrs and 4 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Arsène Lupin is a fictional gentleman thief and master of disguise created in 1905 by French writer Maurice Leblanc. The character was first introduced in a series of short stories serialized in the magazine Je sais tout. The first story, The Arrest of Arsène Lupin, was published on 15 July 1905. Lupin was featured in 17 novels and 39 novellas by Leblanc, with the novellas or short stories collected into book form for a total of 24 books.
-
Classic Collection of Stories by Maurice Leblanc (English Edition)
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 13 hrs and 4 mins
- Release date: 13-03-2025
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $13.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $13.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
The Life and Teachings of Hermes Trismegistus
- By: Manly P. Hall
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 48 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The Life and Teachings of Hermes Trismegistus by Manly P. Hall is an audiobook that explores the legendary figure of Hermes Trismegistus and the wisdom attributed to him. Hermes Trismegistus is a mythical and syncretic figure often associated with ancient Egypt and Greece, believed to be a master of various esoteric and philosophical disciplines, including alchemy, astrology, and spirituality. In this audiobook, Manly P. Hall delves into the life, philosophy, and teachings of Hermes Trismegistus. He discusses the Hermetic tradition and its influence on Western thought and spirituality.
-
The Life and Teachings of Hermes Trismegistus
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 48 mins
- Release date: 13-12-2023
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $4.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $4.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
A Confession
- By: Leo Tolstoy
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 3 hrs and 13 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
A Confession, or My Confession, is a short work on the subject of melancholia, philosophy and religion by the acclaimed Russian novelist Leo Tolstoy. It was written in 1879 to 1880, when Tolstoy was in his early fifties. The book is a brief autobiographical story of the author's struggle with a mid-life existential crisis. It describes his search for the answer to the ultimate philosophical question: "If God does not exist, since death is inevitable, what is the meaning of life?." Without the answer to this, for him, life had become "impossible".
-
A Confession
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 3 hrs and 13 mins
- Release date: 31-12-2024
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $1.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $1.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
Ancient Greek Tragedies: Classic Collection
- By: Euripides, Sophocles, Aeschylus
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 8 hrs and 37 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
This collection presents the works of the three fathers of ancient Greek tragedies: Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. The reader of this collection will be able to comprehend how the plots and conflicts populating classical tragedy developed. The principle theme of Aeschylus' tragedies is the idea of fate being omnipotent and the futility in struggling against it. The tragedies of Sophocles reflect the era of the Greeks' victorious war against the Persians, which opened up commercial prosperity through trade.
-
Ancient Greek Tragedies: Classic Collection
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 8 hrs and 37 mins
- Release date: 05-02-2025
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $6.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $6.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
Uncle Vanya
- By: Anton Chekhov
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 2 hrs
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Uncle Vanya is a play by the Russian playwright Anton Chekhov. It was first published in 1897. The play portrays the visit of an elderly professor and his glamorous, much younger second wife, Yelena, to the rural estate that supports their urban lifestyle. Two friends—Vanya, brother of the professor's late first wife, who has long managed the estate, and Astrov, the local doctor—both fall under Yelena's spell while bemoaning the ennui of their provincial existence. Sonya, the professor's daughter by his first wife, who has worked with Vanya to keep the estate going, suffers from her unrequited feelings for Astrov.
-
Uncle Vanya
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 2 hrs
- Release date: 27-03-2024
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $1.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $1.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
The Kybalion
- By: Three Initiates
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 4 hrs and 38 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The Kybalion is a book originally published in 1908 by "Three Initiates" (often identified as the New Thought pioneer William Walker Atkinson, 1862–1932) that purports to convey the teachings of Hermes Trismegistus. While it shares with ancient and medieval Hermetic texts a number of traits such as philosophical mentalism, the concept of 'as above, so below', and the idea that everything consists of gendered polar opposites, as a whole it is more indebted to the ideas of modern occultist authors, especially those of the New Thought movement to which Atkinson belonged.
-
The Kybalion
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 4 hrs and 38 mins
- Release date: 18-12-2023
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $6.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $6.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
1984 (Nineteen Eighty-Four)
- By: George Orwell
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 11 hrs and 10 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
1984 is George Orwell's terrifying vision of a totalitarian future in which everything and everyone is slave to a tyrannical regime lead by The Party. Winston Smith works for the Ministry of Truth in London, chief city of Airstrip One. Big Brother stares out from every poster, the Thought Police uncover every act of betrayal. When Winston finds love with Julia, he discovers that life does not have to be dull and deadening, and awakens to new possibilities. Despite the police helicopters that hover and circle overhead, Winston and Julia begin to question the Party; they are drawn towards conspiracy.
-
1984 (Nineteen Eighty-Four)
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 11 hrs and 10 mins
- Release date: 13-12-2023
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $8.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $8.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
Passing
- By: Nella Larsen
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 4 hrs and 4 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Passing is a novel by American author Nella Larsen, first published in 1929. Set primarily in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City in the 1920s, the story centers on the reunion of two childhood friends—Clare Kendry and Irene Redfield—and their increasing fascination with each other's lives. The title refers to the practice of "racial passing", which is a key element of the novel. Clare Kendry's attempt to pass as white for her husband, John (Jack) Bellew, is significant and is a catalyst for the tragic events.
-
Passing
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 4 hrs and 4 mins
- Release date: 15-12-2023
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $5.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $5.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
The Princess and the Goblin
- By: George MacDonald
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 5 hrs and 49 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
"The Princess and the Goblin" by George MacDonald is a classic fairy tale that intertwines the adventures of a brave princess named Irene and her encounters with magical creatures, including goblins and a mysterious great-great-grandmother. Set in a fantastical world, the story explores themes of courage, loyalty, and the triumph of good over evil. MacDonald weaves a captivating narrative filled with enchanting elements and moral undertones, making it a timeless and delightful read for audiences of all ages.
-
The Princess and the Goblin
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 5 hrs and 49 mins
- Release date: 18-12-2023
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $4.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $4.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
The Continuity of Consciousness
- The Survival of Human Consciousness After Death (BICS Presentation of Survival of Consciousness Essay Contest Three Top Winners)
- By: Pim van Lommel
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 2 hrs and 54 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
This book comprises the second place winner in the 2021 Bigelow Institute for Consciousness Studies essay contest. The winning prize was $300,000. In this book the concept of the continuity of consciousness is described, based mainly on recent scientific research on near-death experiences (NDE), but also on other experiences of enhanced consciousness. Since the publication of several prospective studies on NDE in survivors of cardiac arrest, with strikingly similar results and conclusions, the phenomenon of the NDE can no longer be scientifically ignored.
-
The Continuity of Consciousness
- The Survival of Human Consciousness After Death (BICS Presentation of Survival of Consciousness Essay Contest Three Top Winners)
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 2 hrs and 54 mins
- Release date: 19-01-2024
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $9.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $9.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
Anarchism - What It Really Stands For
- By: Emma Goldman
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 42 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Emma Goldman (1869 – 1940) was an anarchist political activist and writer. She played a pivotal role in the development of anarchist political philosophy in North America and Europe in the first half of the 20th century. In this essay, (1910) Goldman sets forth her interpretation of the ideology of anarchism. Like most anarchists, she was highly idealistic; believing that human nature was inherently good, she was convinced that a state of absolute freedom would maximize human happiness and productivity.
-
Anarchism - What It Really Stands For
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 42 mins
- Release date: 15-01-2024
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $1.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $1.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
The Iron Heel
- By: Jack London
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 9 hrs and 36 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The Iron Heel is a science fiction novel novel by American writer Jack London, first published in 1908. It is considered to be "the earliest of the modern dystopian" fiction, it chronicles the rise of an oligarchic tyranny in the United States. In The Iron Heel, Jack London's socialist views are explicitly on display. A forerunner of soft science fiction novels and stories of the 1960s and 70s, the book stresses future changes in society and politics while paying much less attention to technological changes.
-
The Iron Heel
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 9 hrs and 36 mins
- Release date: 26-06-2024
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $6.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $6.99 or 1 Credit
-
-
-
The Tragedy of Macbeth
- By: William Shakespeare
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 2 hrs and 40 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Macbeth and his wife show how bad the evil that can possess human souls is. But evil is not all powerful. On the one hand, Macbeth is the gloomiest of the great Shakespeare's tragedies; on the other hand, it's more encouraging than Hamlet, Othello or King Lear. In no other tragedy as in Macbeth the evil is confronted by so many people, and nowhere else they are so active. Shakespeare is the author of the world famous sonnets and plays: Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth and Othello, as well as comedies Twelfth Night, A Midsummer's Night Dream, Love's Labour's Lost, etc.
-
The Tragedy of Macbeth
- Narrated by: Mark Bowen
- Length: 2 hrs and 40 mins
- Release date: 19-01-2024
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to Wish List failed.
Please try again laterRemove from Wish List failed.
Please try again laterFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Non-member price: $1.99 or 1 Credit
Sale price: $1.99 or 1 Credit
-