Rare earth metals are vital components in modern technology, driving a geopolitical competition for control of their supply. China currently dominates the rare earth market, giving it significant leverage, while countries like the U.S. and Australia are seeking to diversify supply chains. The Russia-Ukraine conflict impacts this landscape by disrupting mining and supply, and potentially increasing collaboration between China and Russia. The U.S. aims to revive domestic mining and form strategic alliances to counter China's dominance. Rising demand from green energy technologies and potential technological advancements in mining are expected to further intensify the geopolitical scramble for these resources. Ultimately, control over rare earth metals could determine future technological and economic power.

The text explores the contentious issue of NATO expansion and its impact on Russia's security concerns. It begins by highlighting Russia's perception of NATO's eastward growth as a threat, particularly after the Cold War. Ukraine emerges as a central point of contention, with Russia viewing its potential NATO membership as a red line. The text examines NATO's role in the 2022 Russian-Ukrainian war, portraying it as a proxy conflict. It assesses the strategic implications for Russia, including a sense of encirclement and loss of influence, leading to potential future scenarios like prolonged stalemate, further NATO expansion, or a new Cold War. The narrative emphasizes the grave consequences of these geopolitical tensions and questions the possibility of achieving lasting peace between Russia and the West.

This academic review explores the intricate relationship between gut microbiota and mental health, specifically focusing on anxiety, depression, and other mental disorders. It highlights how imbalances in gut bacteria can impact mental well-being through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The review further examines the protective role of dietary components, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and certain foods, in promoting a healthy gut microbiome and, consequently, better mental health. Specific bacterial genera and species associated with various mental health conditions are identified. The article suggests that dietary interventions targeting the gut microbiota could offer novel strategies for preventing and managing mental disorders. This knowledge may aid in developing functional foods and pharmaceuticals designed to support mental well-being.