Symptoms of varicose veins often worsen by day's end, leading to pain, cramping, leg swelling, and visible veins.

Read more varicose veins here: https://www.texasheart.org/heart-health/heart-information-center/topics/varicose-veins/

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Dr. Jorge Miranda explains vascular surgery and addresses key questions about abdominal aortic aneurysms. He highlights the risks associated with the aorta, comparing its dilation to a balloon that can burst. Treatment options include minimally invasive stent grafts and open surgeries for aneurysm replacement.

Read more about our aneurysms: https://www.texasheartmedical.org/our-specialties/aneurysm/

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Dr. Jorge Miranda explains the carotid artery's importance in supplying blood to the brain and its link to stroke risk. She discusses various treatment options for carotid artery problems, including open surgery to remove plaque, stenting to widen the artery, and a hybrid procedure that combines both methods.

Read more about carotid artery disease: https://www.texasheart.org/heart-health/heart-information-center/topics/carotid-artery-disease/

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Peripheral arterial disease causes blockages in leg blood vessels, resulting in pain and non-healing wounds.

Read more about peripheral artery disease here: https://www.texasheart.org/heart-health/heart-information-center/topics/peripheral-vascular-disease/

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Vascular surgeons specialize in treating blood vessels outside the heart. They work closely with cardiologists to provide minimally invasive treatment options.

Read more about cardiovascular surgery here: https://www.texasheart.org/heart-health/heart-information-center/topics/what-is-a-cardiovascular-surgeon/

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"4 years of college, 4 years of med school, 3 years of internal medicine, 3 years of cardiology, 1-2 years of subspecialty training. Yes, you can do it."

- Dr. Alexander Postalian, General and Interventional Cardiologist

Read More: https://www.texasheart.org/education-professionals/

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"What matters most is your average blood pressure, not occasional (small peaks). However, sometimes medication is needed if you are deemed to be at high risk of intermittent elevation."
- Dr. Alexander Postalian, General and Interventional Cardiologist

Read More: https://www.texasheartmedical.org/our-specialties/management-of-high-blood-pressure/

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"The most likely cause is a degree of “dysautonomia” – most of the time this is benign. Sometimes, we can use medications to help out during flare-up periods."

- Dr. Alexander Postalian, General and Interventional Cardiologist

Read more about our specialties: hhttps://www.texasheartmedical.org/our-specialties/

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